Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grajati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grāˀ-, *grāˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *gerh₂- (“to cry hoarsely”). Cognate with Lithuanian gróti (“to caw, to croak, to howl, to roar, to scold”) (1sg. gróju; also grióti, 1sg. grióju), Old High German krāen (“to crow”).
Verb[edit]
*grajati impf[1]
Inflection[edit]
Conjugation of *grajati, *graja, *grajetь (impf., intr., -ja/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *grajanьje | *grajati | *grajatъ | *grajalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *grajavъ | *graję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grajaxъ | *graja | *graja | *grajǫ | *graješi | *grajetь |
| Dual | *grajaxově | *grajasta | *grajaste | *grajevě | *grajeta | *grajete |
| Plural | *grajaxomъ | *grajaste | *grajašę | *grajemъ | *grajete | *grajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grajaaxъ | *grajaaše | *grajaaše | — | *graji | *graji |
| Dual | *grajaaxově | *grajaašeta | *grajaašete | *grajivě | *grajita | — |
| Plural | *grajaaxomъ | *grajaašete | *grajaaxǫ | *grajimъ | *grajite | — |
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Polish: grać
Further reading[edit]
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grajati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 101
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гра́ять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References[edit]
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*grajati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 185: “v. ‘caw, croak’”